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Xantec
Surfaces for Biomolecular Interactions
on gold coated SPR discs
on gold coated SPR discs
The
following surfaces are intended as tools for IBIS® and
Autolab® SPR users the who are investigating biomolecular
interactions as well as intermediate platforms for further modifications.
They are available on gold coated SPR discs but can also be coated
on alternative substrate materials. In addition to the standard program
listed below, custom modifications with many other compounds and/or
functionalities can be ordered. The immobilized substances are covalently
coupled to a protective interlayer and resist non-oxidative aqueous
solutions from pH 1 - 13 as well as most organic solvents.Planar Surfaces
| OHP | Dense planar saccharide layer. Not modified. |
| CP | Planar carboxyl layer with high functional group density. |
| TEG | Tetraethylene glycol layer. Combines defined planarity and good stabilization against non-specific binding |
| CMTEG | Tetraethylene glycol layer, carboxymethylated. Combines defined planarity and good stabilization against non-specific binding |
| PP | Phosphorylated saccharide layer. |
| AP | Planar surface with primary and secondary amine functionalities |
| HP | Hydrazomodified planar carboxyl surface |
| TP | Thiolmodified planar carboxyl surface. |
| SAP | Streptavidin, covalently attached to a carboxylated planar surface. For capture of biotinylated ligands. |
| BP | Biotin, immobilized to a carboxylated planar surface. |
| HPP | Hydrophobic planar alkyl layer. For adsorptive immobilization. |
| NC | Nitrocellulose surface. Resembles blotting membranes. |
| CMDP | Planar carboxymethyldextran surface (train conformation). Excellent stabilization against nonspecific interactions. |
Hydrogel Surfaces
The standard functional
group density of the modified dextrans is one per anhydroglucose unit.
Lower degrees of functionalization are available as well.
| CMD6, CMD20, CMD60 | Carboxymethylated dextran of various molecular weights |
| CMD500 and CMD2000 | (indicated numbers are kDa). Loose brush conformation. Penetratable by macromolecules. Provides a three dimensional immobilization matrix. Good stabilization against nonspecific binding. The CMD 20 coating is comparable with the CM 5 chip from BIAcore. |
| D6, D20, D60, D500, D2000 | Native dextran of various molecular weights (indicated numbers are kDa). Loose brush conformation. Penetratable by macromolecules. Provides a three-dimensional immobilization matrix. |
| dD6-2000 | Native dextran of various molecular weights (indicated numbers are kDa). Highly dense brush conformation. Penetratable only by low MW compounds. Matrix may serve as soft, two-dimensional support for immobilized biomolecules. |
| dCMD6 - 2000 | Carboxymethylated dextran with highly dense brush conformation. Penetratable only by low MW compounds. Matrix may serve as soft, two-dimensional support for immobilized biomolecules. |
| AD6, AD20, AD60, AD500 and AD2000* | Aminomodified dextran of various molecular weights (indicated numbers are kDa). Loose brush conformation. Penetratable by macromolecules. Provides a three dimensional immobilization matrix. |
| dAD6 - 2000 | Aminomodified dextran with highly dense brush conformation. |
| HD6 - 2000 | Hydrazomodified dextran with loose brush conformation. |
| dHD6 - 2000 | Hydrazomodified dextran with highly dense brush conformation. |
| TD6 - 2000 | Thiolmodified dextran with loose brush conformation. |
| dTD6 - 2000 | Thiolmodified dextran with highly dense brush conformation. |
| SAD6 - 2000 | Streptavidin, pre-immobilized in a low density carboxymethyldextran matrix of various molecular weights (indicated numbers are kDa). For capture of biotinylated ligands. Different immobilization densities available. |
| SAdD6, 20 | Streptavidin, pre-immobilized onto a very dense carboxymethyldextran layer of two alternative molecular weights (indicated numbers are kDa). |
| BD6 - 2000 | Biotin, pre-immobilized in a low density carboxymethyldextran matrix of various molecular weights (indicated numbers are kDa). |
| AL | Alginate hydrogel. Natural straight chain, hydrophilic polyuronic acid composed primarily of anhydro-b-d-mannuronic acid residues with 1-4 linkage. Molecular weight 50 - 200 kDa. Very good stabilization against nonspecific binding in medium to high salt buffers. |
| CMC | Carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel. |
| PEG2, PEG6, PEG20 | Polyethyleneglycol (PEG) monolayer; brush conformation; one hydroxyl functionality per chain. Indicated numbers are kDa. |
| CMPEG2,
CMPEG6 CMPEG20 |
Polyethyleneglycol (PEG) monolayer; brush conformation; one carboxy functionality per chain. Indicated numbers are kDa. |
| CA | Carrageenan
hydrogel. Natural sulfate containing polysaccharide. Hydrogel rigidity
can be influenced by cation concentration. Very good stabilization
against nonspecific binding under high salt conditions. Available from i, k and l carrageenan (different gelation properties). |
| PC | Pectin hydrogel. Partially methoxylated polygalacturonic acid. Frequently occurring matrix polysaccharide in many plants. |
| GEL | Gelatin hydrogel. From cold water fish skin. Good stabilization against nonspecific binding. |
| HEP | Heparin. Forms specific complexes with anti - thrombin III and other blood coagulation proteins. |
These surfaces have maximized functional group densities. They are suitable for solid-phase chemistry and similar applications.
| AU | Bare gold surface |
| OHP | Dense planar saccharide layer. Not modified. |
| CP | Planar carboxyl layer with high functional group density. |
| AP | Planar surface with primary and secondary amine functionalities |
| HP | Hydrazomodified planar carboxyl surface |
| PVA | Polyvinyl alcohol. Three-dimensional matrix, brush confomation. |
| PEI | Polyethyleneimine. Three-dimensional matrix, brush confomation. |
| PAA | Polyacrylic acid. Three-dimensional matrix, brush confomation. |